WikiPedia:Selected anniversaries/March

• 1562 - The French Wars of Religion began with a massacre of Huguenots.
• 1872 - Yellowstone National Park, the first national park in the world, was established.
• 1896 - Ethiopia won the decisive Battle of Adowa over Italy, ending the First Italo-Abyssinian War.
• 1919 - Japanese rule in Korea: The Samil Movement in Korea began with numerous peaceful protests nationwide, but was brutally suppressed by the Japanese police and army.
• 1947 - The International Monetary Fund began its financial operations.

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• 1836 - The Republic of Texas declared its independence from Mexico.
• 1943 - World War II: Australian and American air forces attacked and destroyed a large convoy of the Japanese Navy in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea.
• 1946 - Hồ Chí Minh became President of North Vietnam.
• 1962 - Wilt Chamberlain scored 100 points in a basketball game, still a record in the NBA today.
• 1998 - Water was discovered on Europa, a moon of the planet Jupiter.

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• 1431 - Gabriel Condulmer became Pope Eugenius IV.
• 1878 - By the Treaty of San Stefano, which ended the Russo-Turkish War, Bulgaria became an autonomous principality in the Ottoman Empire.
• 1918 - Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers and exited from World War I.
• 1923 - The first issue of TIME, a newsmagazine founded by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, was published.
• 1958 - Nuri as-Said became the Prime Minister of Iraq for the 14th time.

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• 1461 - The Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI was deposed by his Yorkist cousin, who then became King Edward IV.
• 1825 - Despite having lost in both the electoral and popular votes in the 1824 presidential election, John Quincy Adams was inaugurated as the sixth President of the United States.
• 1877 - Emile Berliner invented the microphone.
• 1975 - Actor and director Charlie Chaplin was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
• 1980 - Robert Mugabe of the Zimbabwe African National Union was elected to head the first government in Zimbabwe.

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• 1770 - Boston Massacre: The pelting of snowballs at British soldiers during a military occupation soon escalated into violence in Boston.
• 1824 - Britain officially declared war on Burma, beginning the First Anglo-Burmese War.
• 1872 - George Westinghouse patented the air brake for trains to stop more reliably.
• 1918 - Bolshevist Russia moved its capital to Moscow from Petrograd.
• 1946 - The term "Iron Curtain" was first used in a speech by Winston Churchill.

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• 1447 - Tomaso Parentucelli became Pope Nicholas V.
• 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan and his crew became the first Europeans to reach Guam of the Mariana Islands.
• 1857 - The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the Dred Scott Case, a landmark decision that led to several constitutional amendments.
• 1869 - Dmitri Mendeleev presented the first Periodic Table of Elements to the Russian Chemical Society.
• 1987 - British ferry M/S Herald of Free Enterprise capsized while leaving the harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium, killing 193 on board.

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• 161 - Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus succeeded Antoninus Pius to become co-Emperors of the Roman Empire.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Union forces won the Battle of Pea Ridge and cemented their control in Missouri.
• 1936 - Germany re-occupied the demilitarized Rhineland, violating the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Treaties.
• 1950 - The Soviet Union issued a statement denying that German nuclear physicist Klaus Fuchs had served as a Soviet spy.
• 1965 - American Civil Rights Movement: Civil rights demonstrators marching from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama were brutally attacked by police on Bloody Sunday.

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• 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovered the third law of planetary motion.
• 1702 - Princess Anne of the House of Stuart became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland.
• 1782 - Almost 100 Native Americans died in the hands of Pennsylvanian militiamen in a mass murder known as the Gnadenhütten massacre.
• 1844 - Oscar I acceded to the throne of Sweden-Norway.
• 1966 - Nelson's Pillar, a large granite pillar with a statue of Lord Horatio Nelson on top in Dublin, Ireland, was destroyed by a bomb.

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• 1862 - Ironclad warships USS Monitor and CSS Virginia fought to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads.
• 1916 - General Pancho Villa led 1,500 Mexicans in a cross-border attack against Columbus, New Mexico, prompting a punitive expedition from the U.S. military.
• 1932 - Eamon de Valera became President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State.
• 1945 - A bomb raid on Tokyo started a firestorm, killing 100,000.
• 1959 - The world's best-selling doll, Barbie, was first sold in New York City.

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• 241 BC - Rome defeated Carthage in the Battle of the Aegates Islands, ending the First Punic War.
• 1831 - The French Foreign Legion was established by King Louis-Philippe to support his war in Algeria.
• 1876 - Alexander Graham Bell made his first successful telephone call.
• 1952 - Forbidden by law to seek re-election, former President Fulgencio Batista staged a coup d'état to resume control in Cuba.
• 2000 - The NASDAQ stock market index peaked at 5048.62, the high point of the dot-com boom.

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• 1513 - Giovanni de' Medici became Pope Leo X.
• 1845 - Māori forces led by chiefs Kawiti and Hone Heke destroyed the British settlement of Kororareka in New Zealand, beginning the Flagstaff War.
• 1966 - In power since World War II, President Sukarno of Indonesia was ousted by Suharto and the military.
• 1990 - The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic ceased to exist when Lithuania proclaimed the restitution of independence from the Soviet Union.
• 2004 - The March 11th Attacks: A series of terrorist bombings on commuter trains killed 191 people and wounded more than 1,800 in Madrid.

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• 515 BCE - Construction of the Temple in Jerusalem was completed.
• 1930 - Mahatma Gandhi begins the Dandi March, a 24-day, 320-km walk to defy the British tax on salt in colonial India.
• 1938 - Anschluss Österreichs: Austria was occupied by the Wehrmacht, and subsequently became Ostmark, a province within the German Reich.
• 1940 - The Moscow Peace Treaty was signed, ending the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union.
• 2003 - Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Djindjic (right) was assassinated in Belgrade.

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• 874 - The bones of Saint Nicephorus were interred in Constantinople.
• 1639 - Already two years old but usually called simply "the New College", Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts was named after its first principal donor, John Harvard.
• 1781 - William Herschel discovered the planet Uranus.
• 1881 - Tsar Alexander II of Russia was assassinated in a Nihilist plot by Ignacy Hryniewiecki.
• 1954 - Viet Minh forces under Vo Nguyen Giap unleashed a massive artillery barrage on the French military to begin the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the final battle in the First Indochina War.

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• 1590 - Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots decisively defeated the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne in the Battle of Ivry.
• 1794 - Eli Whitney patented the cotton gin.
• 1964 - Jack Ruby was found guilty of killing Lee Harvey Oswald.
• 1984 - Gerry Adams, leader of Sinn Féin, was seriously wounded in an assassination attempt in central Belfast, Ireland.
• 1991 - The "Birmingham Six", wrongly convicted of murder and bombing pubs in Birmingham, England, were released after 16 years in prison.

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• 44 BCE - Julius Caesar of the Roman Republic was stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus and several other Roman senators on the Ides of March.
• 1493 - Christopher Columbus returned to Spain after his first trip to the Americas.
• 1877 - History of cricket: Cricketers representing England and Australia played the first Test match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
• 1906 - Charles Rolls and Henry Royce founded the automobile manufacturing company Rolls-Royce.
• 1917 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was forced to abdicate in the February Revolution, ending three centuries of Romanov rule.

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• 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan reached the Philippines.
• 1815 - William I proclaimed himself King of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, the first constitutional monarch in the Netherlands.
• 1872 - Wanderers F.C. won the first FA Cup, the oldest football competition in the world, beating Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1-0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.
• 1968 - Vietnam War: American soldiers killed 347 civilians in My Lai, Vietnam.
• 1978 - Former Prime Minister of Italy Aldo Moro was kidnapped in Rome by the Red Brigades.

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• 45 BC - Julius Caesar scored his final military victory in the Battle of Munda, defeating the Optimate forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger.
• 1901 - An exhibit of 71 paintings by Vincent van Gogh created a sensation in Paris, 11 years after his death.
• 1958 - Vanguard 1, the first solar-powered satellite, was launched. It is the oldest human-launched object still in space today.
• 1959 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th and current Dalai Lama, fled Tibet for India.
• 1969 - Golda Meir of the Labour Party became the fourth Prime Minister of Israel.

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• 1229 - Sixth Crusade: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II declared himself King of Jerusalem.
• 1438 - Albert II of Habsburg became King of the Romans in the Holy Roman Empire.
• 1921 - The Polish-Bolshevik War, which determined the borders between the Republic of Poland and Soviet Russia, formally concluded with the signing of the Peace of Riga.
• 1922 - Mahatma Gandhi was sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience.
• 1965 - Cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov donned a spacesuit and ventured outside the Voskhod 2 spacecraft to become the first person to walk in space.

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• 1279 - The Song Dynasty in Imperial China ended with a Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen.
• 1687 - The search for the mouth of the Mississippi River led by French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle ended with a mutiny and his murder in Texas.
• 1915 - The planet Pluto was photographed for the first time, 15 years before it was eventually discovered by Clyde Tombaugh at the Lowell Observatory.
• 1932 - The Sydney Harbour Bridge, a major landmark in Sydney, Australia, was formally opened.
• 1982 - The Falklands War began with an Argentine occupation of South Georgia.

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• 1413 - Henry V became King of England.
• 1602 - The Dutch East India Company was established.
• 1933 - The construction of the first Nazi German concentration camp at Dachau was completed.
• 1987 - The antiretroviral drug AZT became the first antiviral medication approved for use against HIV and AIDS.
• 1995 - The Aum Shinrikyo sect carried out a poison gas attack on the Tokyo subway system, killing 12 people and injuring more than 6,000 with sarin.

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• 1556 - Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer was burnt at the stake.
• 1800 - Pius VII was crowned Pope in Venice with a temporary papal tiara made of papier-mâché.
• 1804 - Code Napoléon was adopted as French civil law.
• 1935 - Shah Reza Pahlavi formally asked the international community to call Persia by its native name, Iran, which means 'Land of the Aryans'.
• 1990 - Formerly known as South-West Africa, Namibia gained independence from South Africa, with Sam Nujoma swearing in as the first President.

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• 238 - Gordian I and Gordian II were proclaimed Roman Emperors.
• 1765 - The Parliament of Great Britain passed the Stamp Act, adding fuel to the growing separatist movement in colonial America.
• 1888 - William McGregor, director of Aston Villa F.C. in Birmingham, England, founded the Football League.
• 1945 - The Arab League was founded by 7 Arab states.
• 1995 - Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov of the Soyuz programme returned from the Mir space station after 437 days in space, setting a record for the longest spaceflight.

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Flag of Pakistan

• 1775 - American Revolution: Patrick Henry made his "Give me liberty or give me death" speech to the Virginia House of Burgesses.
• 1801 - Tsar Alexander I acceded to the Russian throne after his father Paul I was brutally murdered.
• 1919 - Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist movement in Milan, Italy.
• 1978 - The first UNIFIL troops arrived in Lebanon for a peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.
• 1996 - Lee Teng-hui was elected President of the Republic of China in the first direct presidential election in Taiwan.

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• 1603 - King James I became the first British monarch to reign in Scotland, England and Ireland simultaneously.
• 1882 - Robert Koch announced the discovery of the bacterium that causes tuberculosis.
• 1944 - World War II: Captured Allied soldiers began "the Great Escape", breaking out of Stalag Luft III, a prison camp operated by the Luftwaffe.
• 1976 - Dirty War: President Isabel Perón of Argentina was kidnapped and deposed in a bloodless coup d'état.
• 1989 - The tanker Exxon Valdez spilled more than 11 million gallons of oil into Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing a major environmental disaster.

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• 1306 - Robert the Bruce was crowned King of Scotland at the Scone Palace in Perth.
• 1634 - The English colony of Maryland was founded by Lord Baltimore and a group of Catholic settlers.
• 1655 - Christiaan Huygens discovered Titan, the largest natural satellite of the planet Saturn.
• 1957 - West Germany, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy, France and Belgium signed the Treaty of Rome, establishing the European Economic Community.
• 1995 - Ward Cunningham established the first wiki site, the Portland Pattern Repository.

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• 1707 - By the Act of Union, England and Scotland merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
• 1871 - The Paris Commune was formally established.
• 1881 - Domnitor Carol I of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was proclaimed the first King of Romania.
• 1973 - The first of more than eight thousand episodes of the American soap opera The Young and the Restless was broadcast on television.
• 1999 - Dr. Jack Kevorkian, an advocate for physician-assisted suicide, was found guilty of murder in the death of a terminally ill patient.

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• 1513 - Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León first sighted Florida while searching for the Fountain of Youth in the New World.
• 1794 - The United States Navy was established.
• 1958 - Nikita Khrushchev became Premier of the Soviet Union.
• 1964 - The Good Friday Earthquake struck Prince William Sound off the coast of Alaska at a magnitude of 9.2, with subsequent tsunamis reaching as far as California and Hawaii.
• 1977 - Two Boeing 747 airliners collided in the Tenerife disaster on Tenerife of the Canary Islands, killing 583 people in one of the worst aircraft accidents in aviation history.

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• 193 - Praetorian Guards assassinated Roman Emperor