WikiPedia:Selected anniversaries/April
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| Selected anniversaries for April | ||||||
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| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |||
| An archive of historical anniversaries that appeared on the Main Page 2008 day arrangement | ||||||
- 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I named Justinian I as co-ruler and successor.
- 1789 - The U.S. House of Representatives held its first quorum in New York City and elected Frederick Muhlenberg as the first Speaker.
- 1826 - The internal combustion engine was patented by Samuel Morey.
- 1945 - World War II: The Battle of Okinawa, the largest amphibious assault during the Pacific campaign, began in Okinawa, Japan.
- 1979 - Iran was proclaimed an Islamic republic, a theocracy led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini as the Supreme Leader of Iran.
Recent days: March 31 – March 30 – March 29
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- 1792 - By the Coinage Act, the U.S. Mint was founded and the U.S. currency was decimalized.
- 1801 - British forces led by Horatio Nelson defeated the Danish fleet in the Battle of Copenhagen.
- 1805 - Hans Christian Andersen was born.
- 1930 - Haile Selassie was proclaimed Emperor of Ethiopia, succeeding his cousin Empress Zauditu.
- 1982 - Falklands War: Argentine special forces began the invasion of the Falkland Islands.
- 1992 - Mafia boss John Gotti was convicted of murder and racketeering.
- 2005 - Pope John Paul II died in his private apartment from septic shock and heart failure.
Recent days: April 1 – March 31 – March 30
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- 1860 - The first successful Pony Express run was started.
- 1948 - The Marshall Plan to financially assist the re-building of Europe following World War II began.
- 1974 - The Super Outbreak of 148 tornadoes killed 315 people and injured 5,484 in 13 U.S. states at the end of a very strong La Niña event.
- 1975 - Bobby Fischer refused to play Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the chess title.
- 1996 - Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski was arrested.
Recent days: April 2 – April 1 – March 31
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- 1581 - Francis Drake completed a circumnavigation of the globe.
- 1949 - Twelve nations signed the North Atlantic Treaty, creating NATO.
- 1968 - Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated.
- 1976 - Norodom Sihanouk abdicated from the role of leader of Cambodia and was arrested by the Khmer Rouge.
- 1979 - President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan was executed.
Recent days: April 3 – April 2 – April 1
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April 5: Qingming Festival in the Chinese calendar
- 1614 - Native American Pocahontas married English colonist John Rolfe.
- 1936 - Tupelo-Gainesville Outbreak: An F5 tornado hit Tupelo, Mississippi, killing 233.
- 1945 - Tito allowed temporary entry of Soviet troops into Yugoslavia.
- 1955 - British Prime Minister Winston Churchill resigned.
- 1998 - The Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge opened to traffic.
Recent days: April 4 – April 3 – April 2
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- 1320 - The Scots people adopted the Declaration of Arbroath.
- 1895 - Oscar Wilde was arrested for "acts of gross indecency".
- 1896 - The first modern Olympic Games opened in Athens.
- 1917 - World War I: The U.S. declared war on Germany.
- 1994 - The joint assassination of the presidents of Rwanda and Burundi marked the start of the Rwandan Genocide.
Recent days: April 5 - April 4
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- 1348 - King Karel I of Bohemia issued a Golden Bull to establish the Charles University of Prague.
- 1795 - France adopted the metre as the unit of length
- 1945 - The Yamato was sunk 200 miles north of Okinawa.
- 1947 - The Ba'ath Party was founded in Damascus.
- 1969 - With publication of RFC 1, the Internet was symbolically born.
Recent days: April 6 - April 5
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- 1742 - Handel's oratorio Messiah premiered.
- 1767 - Ayutthaya kingdom fell to Burmese invaders.
- 1904 - France and the United Kingdom signed the Entente Cordiale.
- 1904 - Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square.
- 1953 - Jomo Kenyatta was convicted of being a Mau Mau leader.
Recent days: April 7 - April 6
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Aureus_Septimius_Severus-193-leg_XIIII_GMV.jpg
Aureus minted by Septimius Severus to celebrate the legion that proclamed him emperor.
April 9: Bataan Day in the Philippines
- 193 - Septimius Severus was proclaimed Roman Emperor.
- 1865 - Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union forces.
- 1940 - Operation Weserübung: Germany invaded Denmark and Norway; Occupation of Denmark began.
- 1959 - NASA announced the selection of the Mercury program astronauts.
- 1991 - Georgia declared independence from the Soviet Union.
Recent days: April 8 - April 7
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- 1815 - Mount Tambora in Indonesia began the most violent volcanic eruption in recorded history.
- 1919 - Mexican Revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata was shot to his death near Ciudad Ayala, Morelos.
- 1941 - The Axis Powers established the Independent State of Croatia.
- 1959 - Crown Prince Akihito, the future Emperor of Japan, wedded Michiko, the first commoner to marry into the Japanese imperial family.
- 1998 - The Belfast Agreement, a major step in the Northern Ireland peace process, was signed.
Recent days: April 9 – April 8 – April 7
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- 1241 - Mongols led by Batu Khan and Subutai crushed the Hungarian army of King Béla IV.
- 1921 - The Hashemite Emirate of Transjordan, now Jordan, was established.
- 1945 - World War II: The Buchenwald concentration camp was liberated.
- 1951 - Korean War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman relieved General Douglas MacArthur of overall command in Korea.
- 1965 - Fifty-one tornadoes struck six Midwestern states in the United States during the Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak.
Recent days: April 10 – April 9 – April 8
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April 12: Yuri's Night, Cerealia
- 467 - Anthemius became Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
- 1633 - The formal interrogation of Galileo Galilei by the Inquisition began.
- 1961 - Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to enter outer space.
- 1980 - Terry Fox dipped his artificial leg in the Atlantic Ocean and began his trans-Canada run towards the Pacific Ocean to raise money for cancer research.
- 1981 - Columbia, the first space shuttle, was launched for its first flight.
Recent days: April 11 – April 10 – April 9
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- 1598 - King Henry IV of France issued the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots.
- 1883 - Alferd Packer was convicted of cannibalism.
- 1919 - British and Gurkha troops opened fire on a peaceful political gathering in Amritsar, Punjab in India, killing hundreds of Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims.
- 1943 - World War II: The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners-of-war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre was announced in Germany, driving a wedge among the Allies, particularly the Polish government-in-exile in London and the Soviet Union.
Recent days: April 12 – April 11 – April 10
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- 1828 - Spelling reformer Noah Webster copyrighted the first edition of his dictionary of American English.
- 1865 - John Wilkes Booth shot Abraham Lincoln with a Deringer pistol at Ford's Theatre.
- 1912 - The transatlantic ocean liner RMS Titanic collided with an iceberg on its maiden voyage.
- 1931 - The Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed by a provisional government led by Niceto Alcalá-Zamora.
- 1970 - An oxygen tank aboard the NASA spacecraft Apollo 13 exploded.
Recent days: April 13 – April 12 – April 11
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April 15: Father Damien Day in Hawaii
- 1738 - George Frideric Handel's opera Serse, loosely based on Xerxes I of Persia, was performed for the first time.
- 1755 - A Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson was first published.
- 1947 - African American Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers broke the color line in baseball.
- 1985 - Marvin Hagler defeated Thomas Hearns to retain the world middleweight boxing championship.
- 1989 - The Hillsborough disaster, one of the biggest tragedies of European football, occurred.
Recent days: April 14 – April 13 – April 12
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- 1746 - Battle of Culloden: In Scotland, the final battle of the Jacobite Rising.
- 1853 - Indian Railways maiden journey of a train between Bombay and Thana, a distance of 34 kilometers (21 miles).
- 1889 - Charlie Chaplin: born.
- 1917 - Vladimir Lenin returned to Petrograd from exile in Finland.
- 1935 - The radio program Fibber McGee and Molly debuted.
- 1943 - Dr. Albert Hofmann discovered the psychedelic effects of LSD.
- 1947 - Texas City Disaster: Thousands of tons of ammonium nitrate in Texas City's port exploded.
Recent days: April 15 – April 14 – April 13
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- 1895 - The Empire of Japan and the Qing Empire signed the Treaty of Maguan, an 'unequal' treaty that ended the First Sino-Japanese War.
- 1937 - Daffy Duck made his debut in a short cartoon by the Warner Bros. Studio.
- 1942 - Captured French General Henri Giraud escaped from his castle prison.
- 1961 - The CIA-backed Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba began.
- 1975 - The Khmer Rouge captured Phnom Penh, ending the Cambodian Civil War.
Recent days: April 16 – April 15 – April 14
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- 1025 - Boleslaus the Brave was crowned in Gniezno and became the first King of Poland.
- 1906 - A major earthquake and subsequent fires devastated San Francisco, California.
- 1942 - World War II: Sixteen B-25 Mitchell bombers from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet carried out the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo.
- 1980 - Rhodesia became the Republic of Zimbabwe, with Canaan Banana as the country's first President.
- 1992 - General Abdul Rashid Dostum revolted against the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and allied with Ahmed Shah Massoud to capture the Afghan capital of Kabul.
Recent days: April 17 – April 16 – April 15
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- 1713 - Emperor Charles VI issued the Pragmatic Sanction to ensure that the Habsburg monarchy would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa.
- 1775 - The American Revolutionary War began with the Battle of Lexington and Concord.
- 1943 - World War II: German troops entered the Warsaw Ghetto to round up Jews.
- 1971 - The first space station, Salyut 1, was launched.
- 1995 - Oklahoma City bombing: A car bomb was detonated in front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, killing 168 people.
Recent days: April 18 – April 17 – April 16
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- 1862 - Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard completed the first test on pasteurization.
- 1912 - Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts and Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan were opened.
- 1914 - A fire and a gun battle between the National Guard and striking coal miners in Colorado led to 17 deaths in the Ludlow Massacre.
- 1968 - Pierre Trudeau succeeded Lester B. Pearson as Prime Minister of Canada.
- 1999 - Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold murdered 13 people in the Columbine High School massacre.
Recent days: April 19 – April 18 – April 17
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April 21: Mawlid in Sunni Islam (2005)
- 753 BC - Romulus and Remus founded Rome, according to the calculations by Varro Reatinus.
- 1918 - World War I: "The Red Baron", a flying ace of the German Luftstreitkräfte, was shot down and killed in France.
- 1960 - Brasília, a planned city based on principles of Le Corbusier, was officially inaugurated as the capital of Brazil.
- 1970 - The Hutt River Province "seceded" from Australia.
- 1985 - Racing driver Ayrton Senna won the first of his 41 Formula One championship races at the Portuguese Grand Prix in Estoril, Portugal.
Recent days: April 20 – April 19 – April 18
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April 22: Earth Day in the United States (1970)
Missing image
PACabral1.jpg
Pedro Álvares Cabral
- 1500 - Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral and his crew became the first Europeans to sight Brazil.
- 1836 - After losing the Battle of San Jacinto, Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna was captured and forced to allow Texan independence.
- 1913 - The Bolshevik newspaper Pravda was first published in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
- 1914 - Babe Ruth played his first professional baseball game as a pitcher for the Baltimore Orioles.
- 1915 - Chlorine gas was released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres, the first large-scale use of poison gas in World War I.
Recent days: April 21 – April 20 – April 19
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April 23: St George's Day in England, Portugal, Catalonia and Georgia; Passover begins at sunset (Judaism).
- 1014 - Irish forces led by Brian Boru clashed with the Vikings in the Battle of Clontarf.
- 1827 - Irish mathematician and physicist Rowan Hamilton presented his Theory of Systems of Rays.
- 1923 - Gdynia was inaugurated as a Polish seaport on the south coast of the Baltic Sea.
- 1954 - Hank Aaron of the Milwaukee Braves hit the first of his 755 home runs in Major League Baseball.
- 1982 - The Conch Republic "declared" independence from the United States.
Recent days: April 22 – April 21 – April 20
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April 24: Republic Day in the Gambia (1970)
- 1800 - The U.S. Library of Congress was founded.
- 1916 - Easter Rising: The Irish Republican Brotherhood started a rebellion in Ireland.
- 1967 - The Soyuz 1 spacecraft crashed in Siberia, killing cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov.
- 1990 - The space shuttle Discovery lifted off with the Hubble Space Telescope aboard.
Recent days: April 23 – April 22 – April 21
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April 25: Liberation Day in Italy (1945); Freedom Day in Portugal (1974); Flag Day in the Faroe Islands
- 1719 - Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe was first published.
- 1792 - The guillotine was first used to carry out capital punishment in France.
- 1898 - Spanish-American War: The U.S. Congress retroactively declared war on Spain.
- 1915 - ANZAC Day: Australian and New Zealand Army Corps landed at Anzac Cove during the amphibious invasion of Gallipoli, Turkey in World War I.
- 1953 - A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid by James Watson and Francis Crick was published in Nature.
Recent days: April 24 – April 23 – April 22
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April 26: Mawlid in Shi'a Islam (2005)
- 1478 - The Pazzi Conspiracy: Lorenzo and Giuliano of the Medici family were attacked in Florence.
- 1865 - Boston Corbett shot and killed John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
- 1933 - The Gestapo, the official secret police force in Nazi Germany, was established.
- 1937 - Spanish Civil War: The bombing of Guernica in Spain by the Legión Cóndor resulted in a devastating firestorm.
- 1986 - Chernobyl accident: A nuclear reactor in Chernobyl, Ukraine suffered a steam explosion, resulting in a fire and a nuclear meltdown.
Recent days: April 25 – April 24 – April 23
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April 27: Independence Day in Togo (1960) and Sierra Leone (1961)
- 1521 - Explorer Ferdinand Magellan was killed in the Battle of Mactan by Filipino natives led by Lapu-Lapu.
- 1667 - The blind and impoverished John Milton sold the copyright of Paradise Lost for £10.
- 1865 - An explosion destroyed the steamboat Sultana, killing 1,700 passengers on the Mississippi River.
- 1967 - The Expo 67 World's Fair opened in Montreal.
- 1994 - Freedom Day: The African National Congress was victorious in the first non-racial elections in the history of South Africa.
Recent days: April 26 – April 25 – April 24
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- 1789 - Fletcher Christian led a mutiny aboard HMAV Bounty against Commander William Bligh.
- 1952 - Occupied Japan: Japan was once again an independent state, when the Treaty of San Francisco entered into force.
- 1969 - Charles de Gaulle, the first President of the French Fifth Republic, resigned.
- 1996 - A spree shooter in the Port Arthur Massacre killed 35 people, and seriously injuried 37 in Tasmania, Australia.
- 2001 - Dennis Tito became the world's first fee-paying space tourist, riding the Soyuz TM-32 spacecraft to the International Space Station.
Recent days: April 27 – April 26 – April 25
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April 29: Good Friday in Eastern Christianity (2005), Greenery Day in Japan, International Dance Day
Missing image
Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg
Joan of Arc
- 1429 - Battle of Orléans: French troops led by Joan of Arc lifted the English siege of Orléans, a turning point in the Hundred Years' War.
- 1862 - Union forces under David Farragut captured New Orleans, securing access into the Mississippi River during the American Civil War.
- 1945 - Adolf Hitler dictated his last will and testament to his secretary in the Führerbunker, and then married Eva Braun in a brief ceremony.
- 1992 - The acquittal of policemen who had beaten Rodney King sparked civil unrest in Los Angeles.
Recent days: April 28 – April 27 – April 26
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April 30: Great Sabbath in Eastern Christianity (2005); Queen's Day in The Netherlands; Walpurgis Night in various European countries.
- 711 - Umayyad troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad landed at Gibraltar, beginning the Moorish invasion of Iberia.
- 1789 - George Washington took office as the first President of the United States.
- 1948 - The Organization of American States was established in Bogotá, Colombia.
- 1975 - Reunification Day in Vietnam: North Vietnamese troops captured Saigon, ending the Vietnam War.
- 1993 - CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free to everyone.
Recent days: April 29 – April 28 – April 27
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